Wobbly Universe

In step 1 (which I recommend reading first) I explained that the universe may be understood as a blob of stuff that has high tension inside like steel only stronger, but which is continuous inside, having no atomic structure whatsoever. From this beginning, I will show that what naturally follows eventually leads to something that looks just like our universe.

The important thing that I mentioned was that a self-contained blob of stuff will vibrate according to a wave equation which is well understood physics. Also it was mentioned that stretching the blob quite naturally increases the tension locally and leads to a change in the velocity of the waves.

Although we are told by physicists that the speed of light is constant in a vacuum we are also told that space is not Euclidean, that the metric of space time is affected by the presence of energy. By this they mean that there is more space near a massive body like the Sun than there ought to be. Having the amount of space vary all about while keeping the speed of light constant is exactly equivalent to having regular Euclidean space and a variable speed of light. This is obvious if you think about it. The difference is that my mind, and I think roughly 100% of humanity, finds thinking in Euclidean terms much easier. Also, understanding the reason for a change in the velocity of light as being varying tension of the fabric of space is in keeping with all previous normal physics.

One little aside here is that I think that Einstein looked at such a model but did not find it workable. I believe that was because he did not allow for the possibility that the speed of light at any one place would be different in different directions. But we will later find that it is so. So, you should understand that what I am telling you is not inconsistent with Einstein and relativity, but is a simpler way of looking at the same thing, and more naturally leads to insights.

It has been said that a picture is worth a thousand words, so I now propose to illustrate my argument with actual pictures of real matter in real physics experiments to illustrate clearly where I am heading. I want to give you an appreciation of the sort of things that can happen when vibrations cause motion in matter. There have been several famous people over the years who have looked in this direction.

The first is Ernst Chladni who studied the vibrations in solid plates subjected to forced vibrations by using a violin bow on them. To make the vibrations visible, he scattered sand on the plates and wherever it vibrated a lot it got kicked about until it settled in the nodes, the places where there was not much movement. Examples of vibration patterns.

Although Chladni was recognised for his work, no-one really took it further for almost two centuries when Hans Jenny began a study of vibrations in powders and fluids which he called Cymatics. Jenny was a doctor and was interested in the healing properties of sound, but he found much more. He found examples of simple combinations of tones that caused powders to make formations that look remarkably like living creatures. The beauty of the forms that he found and the great variety is of utmost importance in helping us to understand how vibration is the basis of everything that exists.

Having studied cycles, another name for vibrations when they are slower, and having then found out about Hans Jenny, I was keen to do my own experiments in cymatics.

Actually the thing that gave me the final impetus was an experience that I had with a cup of tea. I noticed that when I put it down on a hard table, a circular pattern of waves came from the outside of the cup towards the centre where it got stronger through being concentrated by focusing as it came to a point. I experimented with jiggling the cup on the table top to try and get the right frequency for the wave. Well I succeeded and was rewarded with a hot jet of tea in my eye!

So the decision was made to make an apparatus that could make controlled vibrations so as to understand what happened with these waves. A computer speaker was turned on its side and a little platform made to hold sand or water in a small circular dish. Then a sound could be played through the speaker and I could control the volume and frequency and even play several notes at once if I wanted to. These experiments have confirmed my suspicions that all properties of matter arise from vibrations. They show a possible basis for electric charge. They show a basis for chemical bonds to form at various angles and much more.

When I played a sound into this system, the first thing that appeared was a set of circular rings just as I had seen in my cup of tea. No surprises there, until I increased the volume a bit. Then suddenly the central circle was surrounded by six more circles all touching it, and a set of ladder type waves came out from these six circles towards the edges. If I gradually reduced the sound the pattern suddenly reverted to the original set of concentric circles. Gradually increasing caused a sudden switch back, there were never any in between states.

Increasing the volume still more caused another sudden transition to a more complex state. Actually, state is an interesting word here because we refer to states of matter, and the transitions were very much like the changes of state of matter between solid, liquid and gas.

This is a photo taken from a video of water being vibrated by sound using the apparatus shown above in the third state when things really broke loose from rigid structure. Note that the light source reflects into the camera only when the water is horizontal, so it shows the tops and bottoms of waves as light. The sloping sides of the waves result in darker areas in the pictures. There are a number of centres in the wave forms, and in particular there are four arranged in a square pattern with three wave steps between them.

Actually, because the light patches may be tops or bottom of waves these centres are 3/2 wave lengths apart. These waves are standing waves, existing for many hundreds of oscillations although moving about slowly while maintaining a similar pattern. Being 3/2 or 1.5 wavelengths apart meant that when one centre was up the other was down and vice versa. To make this clear I have marked the diagram with red and blue to show the alternate half waves. Whenever the red centres are up the blue ones are down, and then they swap over. All the red circles are up together when the blue circles are down together and then again they swap over.

The seemingly remarkable thing is that every wave supports every other wave. By this I mean that all other red centres lie a whole number of wavelengths from any given red centre and all blue centres lie something and a half waves from a red centre. Again all blue centres lie a whole number of waves from other blue centres and red centres lie something and a half waves from blue centres.

I have called this "seemingly remarkable" because it is initially very striking. However as we think about it more we find that it makes perfect sense. Every one of these waves is supporting every other one in its continued existence. All the energy that leaves any wave arrives at every other wave with the correct phase timing to sustain that wave. All waves are sustained by all other waves. Therefore as fast as the energy in them dissipates it is re-established again. This is the principle on which all the standing wave structures in the universe are sustained.

Not only do the waves sustain each other by their unique patterns of distances apart, but they also have unique arrangements in certain directions in space. In the diagram above showing the waves in the circular dish there are also visible wave patterns that look like ladders running away from the circular patterns to the circular dish at the side where they reflect back again.

This diagram shows that in the direction of one of these ladder patterns the whole thing is again totally phase synchronised with each and every one of the wave centres. The red and blue alternating lines show the pattern of wave tops and bottoms which are standing waves. Whenever the blue lines are up the red ones are down and then they swap over so that the red ones are up and the blue ones down.

So again the pattern is self sustaining. The reflected waves from the side of the dish return energy to all of the wave centres in the correct phase to sustain them. These ladder like sets of waves travel out in eight different directions from the central active area of the dish. The eight directions result from the symmetries of the four central wave centres arranged in a square.

There are no things in the universe. All things are illusions. Everything is really made of waves which are continuous processes and not things, every moment dissolving, every moment being recreated. Those that say that everything in the universe is connected are speaking the truth.

The two colours that I have used here may be considered to represent the two charges of positive and negative found in matter. However we should not take the comparison too far at this point, because we live in a 3 dimensional world and not a 2 dimensional one like this dish of water. In the 3 dimensional world the centres can be arranged in much more complicated patterns in space, but the essential principles remain the same. There are centres which try to remain at distances apart that are whole numbers of wave lengths for like charge and something and a half wavelengths for unlike charge.

Also, one aspect of this experiment is rather artificial, that being the circular dish. We do not know the shape of the universe. However what has been demonstrated by Chladni and physicists that followed him is that all shapes have a unique set of different vibration modes that they can contain. These modes are all characterised by lines that represent nodes running through them where there is rotation but no movement, and centres where the vibrational movement is strongest and where there is no rotation. We may understand rotation as being like magnetism. We may understand movement as being like electrical charge.

Also, the dish reflects back some energy from the sides and we have to keep feeding more sound energy in to keep the process going. In the real universe, there is nowhere that energy can leak out to, so those problems goes away and it sustains its vibrations for extremely long periods of time.

There is one other thing that is worth noting about the circular wave patterns which is most evident when the volume is lower and the pattern is simply concentric circles. That is that the central waves are slightly further apart than the outer waves which are more regularly spaced. Actually this same pattern is observed in the orbits of the inner planets, where the distance from the Sun to Mercury is a little larger than the distance to Venus and then to Earth is a little less again.

This variation in wavelength is not surprising in standard physics, it results from the variation in wave speed with the depth of water and the surface tension of the water which changes near the centre due to the greater energy concentration there. I simply note that this explanation matches with the arguments that I gave for the tension of the aether varying around energetic bodies. If you are a physicist and can handle non-Euclidean space, then by all means think of it that way, but I find this way less brain strain.

Well, we have seen that material under vibration can lead to interesting structures in space that are more complicated than we are likely to imagine if we just start thinking about it. Already we can see the possibilities of explaining electric charge and magnetism as properties of motion. Charge relates to centres which may come in two polarities. Magnetism relates to local rotation about a point. Anyone who understands a little physics will recognise that this rotation of the magnetic field does explain the behaviour of charged particles which curve when travelling through a magnetic field.

We have seen that the our potential universe blob of matter may indeed be able to sing. The next exciting installment will show that it can in fact sing in tune. And once that is established, it will be shown why the universe has all the different structures from very large to very small and how they relate to each other. Click at the right to subscribe via RSS and get the future installments.

Move on to step 3.

It is my contention that present day cosmology as proposed by many physicists and cosmologists is totally lame. They laugh about Ptolemy and his epicycles. Yet the big bang theory with its various add ons such as inflation, dark matter, and acceleration the opposite way to gravity, is a system that keeps adding new features to explain every new observation that does not fit the predictions. The big bang is bung. You can tell when the physics went utterly silly, because they no longer teach it to people in school or popular science magazines. Instead, they write articles about it without ever actually saying how it works. The ultimate in this regard is string theory.

This is intended to be the first in a series of articles which will explain how the universe works in a way that flows from a very small number of premises and explains many facts, including well documented ones that cosmologists and physicists pretend are not true because they cannot explain them.

While I am saying who was wrong I might as well mention Democritus. He started the idea that matter is made of indivisible units which he called atoms. In modern times this idea has been retained after being revised a couple of times to make the indivisible units be electrons, protons and neutrons and later quarks replaced the protons and neutrons.

My contention is that although there are things which might be loosely called "particles" these are no more fundamental units of the universe than is the share market cycle. That might sound a very strange things to say, but eventually I hope to convince you that it is so.

To make a universe ...

First, take a blob of stuff that is totally uniform throughout, which has high tension inside it like a piece of steel, but which has no internal structure whatsoever (that is, is not made of atoms but is uniform).

The physics of blobs of stuff is reasonably well understood. If you deform its shape and let go, it tends to return to the original shape. However when bent and released, it doesn't just bend back to the original shape but overshoots it because of the momentum gained in springing back.

All this is well known and described by a simple equation known as the wave equation. No matter what strange and complex distortions of a blob are made, the simple wave equation will tell you all the twisty and springy motions that will ensue once you let go of it.

If our blob of stuff like steel but uniform inside were in a vacuum and was set vibrating, then it would continue to vibrate indefinitely. At first it would seem to repeating certain vibrations repeatedly and exactly, but eventually something different would happen. The reason for this something different is the really important thing about what I am telling you that makes it different from what physicists have generally considered to be important, but it is not unknown.

The fact is that if you put some steel under tension, for example a guitar string that is tightened up, then that extra tension means that the waves in it travel faster, so that the guitar notes get higher frequencies. Our blob of universe is just the same, even though we have let go of it, some parts are at times under more tension and sometimes less. This variation effects the local speed of sound waves in the blob so that the speed is not a constant but a property of local conditions.

Now I want to go back to this blob and the wave equation. It is a fact that in the nineteenth century a number of physicists worked out how electricity and magnetism worked and this culminated in James Clerk Maxwell presenting some equations that brought it all together. These equations were wave equations just like the ones that I mentioned for a blob of stuff like steel but continuous all the way through.

There were multiple equations and not just one. But the various equations all had the similar wave property and could be understood as certain derived properties of the local motion of the blob. For example the local rotational aspect of the blob is the property that relates to magnetism and indeed that property of rotation of the material was even called curl. All the properties of Maxwell's equations were understood as motions of a blob which was considered to be made of a substance called aether. Maxwell was able to deduce that the properties of electricity and magnetism and this wave stuff would mean that there was a type of electro-magnetic wave that would travel through the aether at the speed of light. So this completed the combined understanding of electricity, magnetism and light as all being aspects of the same thing

If you ask a physicist today about the aether theory they will tell you that it was discredited. They will say that the Michelson and Morley experiment searched for the motion of the Earth through the aether and showed conclusively that it did not happen. But there was an accident of history that meant that a wrong interpretation happened and it never got put right. By the time the other facts had come along the wrong turn had been well and truly taken.

The problem was that this aether, which was actually much higher in tension even than steel, so that its sound waves travelled at the speed of light. And yet physicists could not understand how such a solid stuff could allow bodies such as the planets to pass through it without resistance. This was a huge mystery.

There was one man who had the answer, William Clifford, who understood that matter itself was not a different thing, but was also a type of wave in the aether just like light. That type of wave is what is called a standing wave. The difference between a travelling wave such as light and a standing wave such as matter is the difference between flicking one end of a rope and getting a ripple to go along it and plucking a guitar string so that it vibrates in place. But poor William, a recognised brilliant mathematician died at the age of 33 without publishing much of his work and his idea never caught on.

So physicists had this weird idea about matter as being something made of solid particles called atoms and could not work out how they passed through the aether which was so solid without any resistance. And after Michelson and Morley's experiments and Einstein's general relativity they decided to abandon common sense and say that waves travelled in nothing. It was nothing that waved about and transferred energy from one place to another.

Actually, there were people like Lorenz and others who understood that if an electron had an electromagnetic wave nature then it would suffer the same effects as light when moving through the aether and so the Michelson Morley result would be expected. Initially Einstein disagreed with this, but later he made a speech in which he acknowledged Lorentz, and with general relativity he actually spoke in favour of the aether again.

Other famous men such as Schroedinger and de Broglie also understood that matter was made of waves and not particles, but somehow, although their famous equations were adopted their ideas were not. And physicists continued to say that matter is not made of waves and that there is no aether.

But I have jumped a way ahead of where I wanted to go with my first part of making a Universe. The way that matter comes about is much later in the story. But it is much easier to talk about an aether when describing how the universe works. However if I say aether without mentioning all of that, then physicists will say not to believe me because I am a crackpot. Now, I have given you the evidence that proves it is not so. In fact, all of Michelson, Morley, Einstein, Lorenz and other famous physicists died believing in an aether. And yet today we are told those very same people disproved the existence of an aether. Isn't that just bizarre?

But back to the main story. I mentioned that when you stretch some part of that blob, which we can now call aether, then we increase the tension in that part and make the wave speed greater in that region. So the wave speed, which we have now found out is the speed of light, is not actually a constant but depends on the local tension. Oh no! I have said another bad word according to the physicists, wash my mouth out!

Well I will have to detour again to explain why the constancy of the speed of light is not right even though everyone says that Einstein proved it. Well, the constancy of the speed of light is most certainly not a fact. If you ask why light refracts in glass or water you will be told that it is due to the different refractive index. If you ask what that is and why it bends you will get a little diagram that show that this really means that light travels at a different velocity in glass or water to what it travels at in air.

So the speed of light is not constant. It varies with many things, but what Einstein assumed is that it is the same for people in motion as for people at rest. This is confirmed by the Lorenz transformation equations which in turn follow directly from Maxwell's equations. And Maxwell's equations are the equations of waves in an aether. So go figure that. It was explained by Lorenz and is still referred to today as LET or Lorenz Ether Theory. It works and proves that an aether has no problem with producing relativity equations despite what most physicists believe but cannot prove.

It is these little blind parts of physics that prevent anyone who is educated in Universities today from being able to think correctly about fundamental physics. So they have to invent 10 or 26 dimensional spaces, little strings and weird big bang epicycles in order to try and make things fit. If intelligent youngsters were given the correct facts during their early education they could solve the quandaries of physics and cosmology quite easily.

So we have this blob of aether and we now know that it is very big and very high tension and that it is given some twists and belted about about and then let go and behold there is a Universe. Now we just have to work out what will happen, and I will show that with only things that were known more than a century ago, the structure of the entire cosmos can be explained in ways that have never been done before.

In the beginning was the vibration*

* substitute "word", "light" or "vibration" according to religious taste.

Don't miss the next exciting episode where waveman escapes the evil clutches of the physicists, evades the cosmologists and lets the blob of aether begin to sing. Translated this means that you can subscribe to this blog by clicking on the feeds at the bottom of the panel on the right.

See step 2.

This is an analysis of what the search engines send to my web site at http://ray.tomes.biz and its subsidiary pages, not including my blogs.

I only know the main search results and have grouped them into the main phrases and placed some links here for the most relevant ones.

Big Bang Bung (it seems that "Bang" sometimes has another meaning than the "Big Bang" which I say is "Bung" or wrong).

The Harmonics Theory is my own original research on the cause of structure in the Universe based on cycles and including the physics and maths of this and relationhip to Pythagoras.

Animated GIFs. It was not my intention to be a source for these, but it happens - if you want these then please copy them to your own site as hot linking is a nuisance.

Champagne Wire Sculptures are a sort of doodle made from the wires off the lids of bubbly - in my case, bubbly grape juice.

Cymatics is the study of how sound makes form in fluids and powders, so named by Hans Jenny and related to earlier work by Chladni.

Edward R. Dewey was a most prominent interdisciplinary cycles researcher who formed the FSC (see below) and left a great legacy in his research.

Ray Tomes is me. The whole web site is by me, so pick what interests you from the list, or the title takes you to my main page.

The Expanding Earth is an idea that the Earth might be growing, probably due to some presently not fully understood physics. There are advocates of fast or slow growth. My analysis of GPS data indicates that slow expansion of the Earth is occurring.

The Foundation for the Study of Cycles (FSC) was started by Edward R. Dewey in 1941 to study regular or nearly rhythmic repeating phenomena in all branches of studies, nature and human activities. Cycles Research Institute is the scientific arm of FSC.

Cycles are found in everything that has been studied: astronomy, biology, botany, business, climate, commodities, cosmology, crops, dendrochronology (tree rings), diseases, economics, finance, geology, history, investments, physics, real estate, sociology, stocks and shares, varves (geological layers), wars, weather, zoology. Some cycles reports, analysis methods and definitions, and cycles in the solar system.

Just Tuning means having no compromises in the musical scale as has been practiced fro the last few centuries. In the past people understood better about musical tuning.

And now for something completely different (as they say in a famous British comedy) ...

If I was in the Simpsons, I would be aRTy Simpson, an uncle, hopefully on Marge's side. ;-)

You can make your own Simpson character on the Simpson Movie Site. Have fun.

My aRTy character would have had whiskers, but unfortunately they didn't allow for that possibility.

Some Simpson quotes:

Scully: Homer, we're going to ask you a few simple yes or no questions. Do you understand?
Homer: Yes. (lie detector blows up)

Bart: I am through with working. Working is for chumps.
Homer: Son, I'm proud of you! I was twice your age when I figured that out.

Homer: Aw, twenty dollars! I wanted a peanut!
Homer's Brain: Twenty dollars can buy many peanuts!
Homer: Explain how!
Homer's Brain: Money can be exchanged for goods and services!
Homer: Woo-hoo!

Marge: Homer, the plant called. They said if you don't show up tomorrow don't bother showing up on Monday.
Homer: Woo-hoo. Four-day weekend.

Grandpa: My Homer is not a communist. He may be a liar, a pig, an idiot, a communist, but he is not a porn star.

Homer: Weaseling out of things is important to learn. It's what separates us from the animals ... except the weasel.

Homer: Oh Lisa, there's no record of a hurricane ever hitting Springfield.
Lisa: Yes, but the records only go back to 1978 when the hall of records was mysteriously blown away.

Reverend Lovejoy: Homer, I'd like you to remember Matthew 7:26. "The foolish man who built his house upon the sand."
Homer: [pointing a finger] And you remember
[thinks]
Homer: Matthew... 21:17.
Reverend Lovejoy: [confused] "And he left them and went out of the city, into Bethany, and he lodged there?"
Homer: Yeah. Think about it.

Homer: Hey boy! Wanna play catch?
Bart: No thanks dad.
Homer: When a son doesn't want to play catch with his father something is definitely wrong.
Grandpa Simpson: I'll play catch with you!
Homer: Go home.

Ralph: My cat's breath smells like cat food.

Ralph: Me fail English? That's unpossible.

Mother Simpson: [sings] How many roads must a man walk down / Before you can call him a man...
Homer: Seven.
Lisa: No, dad, it's a rhetorical question.
Homer: OK, eight.
Lisa: Dad, do you even know what "rhetorical" means?
Homer: Do *I* know what "rhetorical" means?

Homer: Kids, you tried your best and you failed miserably. The lesson is, never try.

Bart: Aren't we forgeting the true meaning of Christmas? You know, the birth of Santa.

Homer: How is education supposed to make me feel smarter? Besides, every time I learn something new, it pushes some old stuff out of my brain. Remember when I took that home winemaking course, and I forgot how to drive?

Homer: I'll never wiggle my bare butt in public again
Lisa: I'd like to beleive that this time, I really would.

Chief Wiggum: Uh, no, you got the wrong number. This is 9-1... 2.

Homer: There's your giraffe, little girl.
Ralph Wiggum: I'm a boy.
Homer: That's the spirit. Never give up.

Bart: Ay, carumba!

Homer: D'oh!